北(bei)京龍文化藝術傳承大展演出信息

“龍”是中(zhong)華民族獨特的圖騰(teng)和精神標(biao)識，是中(zhong)華(hua)文明和中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族自(zi)古(gu)到今(jin)的(de)象征，所以所有炎黃(huang)子孫(sun)都自(zi)詡 “龍的傳人”。

龍文化的內核非(fei)常多元，在神話(hua)中，“龍”威(wei)武剛(gang)強、神通廣大，能(neng)夠呼(hu)風(feng)喚雨、翻(fan)江倒海、無堅不摧。更是宮廷文化自古至今最愛的元素。

“龍(long)”寓意強大(da)、威(wei)武、文明(ming)(ming)，構(gou)成(cheng)了龍(long)馬(ma)精神、龍(long)鳳呈祥、望子成(cheng)龍(long)等諸多美好詞(ci)匯。今(jin)天(tian)，隨著考古學(xue)材料的不斷豐富和(he)古文字研究的深入，“龍(long)”字作為中華(hua)文明(ming)(ming)核心密碼的事實日漸清晰。

自古(gu)帝王都借(jie)龍(long)(long)來(lai)神化自己(ji)，稱自己(ji)為(wei)“真(zhen)龍(long)(long)天子”。從元(yuan)代開始至清末，龍(long)(long)紋(wen)樣成為(wei)皇(huang)家專(zhuan)用(yong)，顯(xian)示(shi)皇(huang)家崇高威嚴的近代龍(long)(long)形象(xiang)就此固定(ding)。

東宮(gong)蒼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)星宿(su)作為(wei)先民(min)的授時星象和(he)歷法標志物，有(you)一條異常久遠的考古學線索。距(ju)今(jin)8000年(nian)左(zuo)右(you)的遼寧阜(fu)新查海遺址，發現龍(long)(long)(long)(long)形(xing)堆石和(he)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)紋陶片；距(ju)今(jin)8000年(nian)至7500年(nian)的內蒙古敖漢旗(qi)興隆溝遺址，發現兩條豬(zhu)(zhu)首(shou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)，龍(long)(long)(long)(long)首(shou)為(wei)豬(zhu)(zhu)頭骨，并用陶片、殘(can)石器和(he)自然石塊(kuai)擺(bai)放出(chu)彎(wan)曲(qu)的軀體；距(ju)今(jin)6500年(nian)左(zuo)右(you)的河(he)南濮陽西水(shui)坡45號墓(mu)，發現蚌塑龍(long)(long)(long)(long)，其造型形(xing)似鱷魚。早期(qi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)的形(xing)象普遍比較簡(jian)單，彎(wan)曲(qu)的龍(long)(long)(long)(long)身是(shi)比較突出(chu)的特點，這是(shi)為(wei)了模擬東宮(gong)蒼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)星宿(su)回天運(yun)行的形(xing)象，后(hou)來發展為(wei)太極圖(tu)。 

從紅山文(wen)化(hua)開(kai)始，造(zao)型(xing)精(jing)美的(de)(de)玉龍(long)(long)(long)大(da)(da)量出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，體(ti)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明(ming)玉文(wen)化(hua)與(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)完美融合(he)。內(nei)蒙(meng)古三星他拉玉龍(long)(long)(long)顯示(shi)了(le)(le)自己與(yu)星象(xiang)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)密(mi)切(qie)聯系(xi)，龍(long)(long)(long)首為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)馬首造(zao)型(xing)。距今(jin)4300年至4100年的(de)(de)陶寺(si)早期(qi)都(dou)城遺(yi)(yi)址，發現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)彩繪龍(long)(long)(long)盤，龍(long)(long)(long)首為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鱷(e)魚(yu)頭(tou)形象(xiang)，龍(long)(long)(long)身為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)赤鏈蛇(she)蛇(she)身造(zao)型(xing)。二里(li)頭(tou)遺(yi)(yi)址發現(xian)(xian)具有王者風范的(de)(de)綠松石龍(long)(long)(long)形器(qi)，龍(long)(long)(long)形器(qi)由2000多片綠松石組成(cheng)，長(chang)約64.5厘米。由于陶寺(si)古國為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“最早的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國”、二里(li)頭(tou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)最早的(de)(de)廣域(yu)王朝的(de)(de)都(dou)城，它們思(si)想精(jing)微、藝術精(jing)湛、制作精(jing)良的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)形象(xiang)是史前時期(qi)多元龍(long)(long)(long)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)集(ji)大(da)(da)成(cheng)者，體(ti)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明(ming)多元一體(ti)的(de)(de)特征(zheng)，深(shen)刻影響了(le)(le)后世歷(li)代王朝以“龍(long)(long)(long)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)核(he)心(xin)的(de)(de)政治(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)、禮(li)樂(le)文(wen)明(ming)、制度文(wen)明(ming)。